Day 2 :
- Track 6: Advances in Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry
Session Introduction
Mohammed Farrag El-Behairy
National Research Centre, Egypt
Title: Enantiomeric separation of biologically active 2-Pyrazolines on Lux Cellulose-2 and Lux Amylose-2: A comparative study
Biography:
Mohammed F. El-Behairy has completed his BSc of pharmacy on 2003 with grade excellent honors and PhD at the age of 29 years from Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University as joint supervision between NRC, Egypt and NTNU, Norway and postdoctoral studies from NRC, Egypt and IECB, France. He has awarded best PhD prize in the National research Centre of Egypt (Pharmaceutical Sciences) on 2012. He has published more than 13 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reviewer board member of repute.
Abstract:
The enantioselective resolution of a set of biologically active 3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole derivatives (1-21) is demonstrated. Two chiral stationary phases based on the chloromethylphenylcarbamate derivatives of amylose or cellulose: namely Lux Cellulose-2 and Lux Amylose-2, were evaluated for the chiral separation of theses 2-pyrazolines using enantioselective high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Different mobile phases and separation modes have been investigated supported by the versatility of Lux columns. Baseline separations of all investigated compounds have been achieved using different mobile phases such as (pure Methanol, Acetonitrile, or Ethanol, or Mixtures of Methanol/Acetonitrile, Acetonitrile/Ethanol, Hexane/Ethanol). In general, Cellulose-2 column showed better enantio-separation for most of the compounds represented by high resolution in shorter time. For example compound 4 (R = H) showed Rs = 20 and run time 36 min when using Acetonitrile 100% on lux cellulose-2 while using Methanol/Acetonitrile 1/1 v/v showed Rs = 8 and run time up to 6.0 min (Rs = 1.40 for amylose-2).
Joon Myong Song
Seoul National University, South Korea
Title: Hyper-multicolor high-content cellular assay based on quantum dot nanoprobe
Biography:
Joon Myong Song received his PhD in 1997 at Kyushu University, in Japan. He worked as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow from 1998 to 2004 at Iowa State University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in United States. At present, he is a Professor and Head of Department of Pharmacy at College of Pharmacy School, Seoul National University in South Korea. His research area includes multifunctional nanoparticle for diagnosis and therapy and high-content cell-based drug screening and diagnosis using hyper-multicolor cellular imaging. He has published 84 peer reviewed papers in the top journals, 7 book chapters, and 10 patents.
Abstract:
High-Content Cell-Based Assay (HCA) has attracted great attention due to its ability to be used in the drug discovery-driven research and development required to understand the functions of genes and gene products at the level of the cell. HCA simultaneously measures multiple biomarkers in a single cell with multiplexing fluorescent probes. The complex intracellular responses involved in drug-induced efficacy or cytotoxicity can be observed in organ-specific cells by HCA. Application of HCA to organ-specific cell models provides deeper biological information suitable for better decisions on progressing compounds. Early safety evaluation by HCA reveals the complex cellular responses triggered by potentially harmful molecules in the cells of target organs. Gaining a deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying these cellular toxicological responses is valuable before a series of lead compounds are progressed to time-consuming and expensive animal tests. Despite HCA’s capability, it is not common to simultaneously observe many biomarkers in an intact cell. This is because HCA measurement is dependent on the use of probing materials. Concurrent monitoring of multiple biomarkers is practically limited due to the spectral overlap among probing materials having broad absorption and emission spectrums. Quantum dot-based HCA is capable of supplying cellular imaging at particular wavelengths and each wavelength can be scanned rapidly. This cellular imaging is very advantageous in that it can select particular wavelengths that do not overlap among the probing materials and concurrently monitor a large number of drug targets or biomarkers.
Toshinori Yamamoto
RaQualia Pharma Inc., Japan
Title: Use of “Omics†technologies for mechanistic understandings of toxicological events
Biography:
Toshinori Yamamoto, PhD is currently VP and Head of Preclinical Research, RaQualia Pharma, Japan. He experienced broad range of Pharmaceutical R&D covering Discovery through Regulatory Filing, wherein mainly focusing on DMPK, toxicology and clinical development for more than 20 years. Before joining RaQualia in 2008, he worked at Chugai Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer, Japan. He was a visiting researcher at the University of Arizona and the University of Michigan. He was awarded the 2010 Incentive Award from the Japanese Society of Toxicology (JSOT), and the JSOT Tanabe Award in 2006, 2007 and 2008.
Abstract:
Drug toxicity observed in pre-/non-clinical animal studies sometimes leads to discontinuation of drug candidates. Understanding the phenomena or backgrounds surrounding toxicological events occurred must be a key element for attrition improvement in research and development (R&D) of new chemical entities (NCEs), often requiring mechanistic investigations to understand toxicological mechanism of actions and then to make “Go” or “No go” decisions. In the post-genomic era, a battery of “Omics” technologies was introduced and has been rapidly increasing utilization, among which is the prefix of “toxico-” added to each omics technology in toxicology field. Especially, metabolomics in toxicology, which is so-called “toxicometabolomics”, has been widely implemented in this area. The objectives are to identify and characterize the metabolites, both endogenous and exogenous, which are the end products of cellular metabolism and drug metabolism, respectively. Moreover, toxicometabolomics enables to capture the phenotypic changes in the events, which are generated by enzymatic proteins as resultants of gene expression, at the molecular level; therefore, smooth translation of the findings can be made into the clinic. The presentation in this session will review the usefulness of toxicometabolomics technologies which are generally nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based and mass spectrometry (MS)-based, and other toxic-Omics technologies. Furthermore, today, newly introduced technology, MS imaging (MSI) is considered applicable in the toxicology field, hence its toxicological usability will be also reviewed.
Biography:
Alla Kloss has a Masters Degree in Chemical Engineering from The Institute of Technology (St. Petersburg Russia), has also completed her PhD in Physical/Analytical Chemistry from University of California, Davis and Post Doctoral studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She is a Scientific Director at Analytical Research and Development Department in LGCR, Sanofi where she leads a biomarker discovery group.
Abstract:
As translational science approach to drug discovery and development is being broadly implemented in pharmaceutical industry we are increasingly relying on metabolic biomarkers in all phases of the process, including target credentialing, proof of concept, establishment of biomarkers based screens, in vivo studies, clinical studies and establishment of biomarker based diagnostics. In cases when biomarkers are not known, metabolomics platform becomes an essential tool for holistic and unbiased interrogation of thousands of metabolites and identification of metabolic biomarkers. Identification of biomarkers is based on global profiling using chromatographic separation coupled with high resolution accurate mass spectrometric detection (HRAM). Processing of the data is carried out using sophisticated peak picking software, statistical packages and working with data bases. Since there is no single “of the shelf” product enabling to carry out all the data processing steps for metabolomics, this is especially challenging. Exact molecular mass information available in public data bases typically allows only for tentative identification of the biomarkers and often results in multiple options which have to be evaluated in additional experiments. This is both expensive and time consuming. In this presentation we will describe analytical platform for metabolomics established at AR&D / LGCR in Sanofi as a result of multiple applications and cross-departmental collaborations. We will discuss considerations for development of methodology for sample preparation and analysis using LC-HRAM, as well as approach for construction of an in-house metabolomics data base and demonstrate our data processing approach based on trends and correlation analysis allowing for identification of phenotype-linked biomarkers with much reduced effort.
Biography:
Eduard Rogatsky is a senior faculty member at Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Bronx, NY). He is also the Director of mass spectrometry at the Biomarker Analytical Resource Core as part of the Harold and Muriel Block Institute for Clinical and Translational Research at Albert Einstein and Montefiore medical centers. He has been in the field of chromatography for more than 20 years and has 14 years of experience in clinical mass spectrometry. Currently, he serves as the Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Chromatography and Separation Techniques (OMICS Publishing Group). During the last 10 years (from 2005), he has published over 30 scientific papers in per-reviewed journals (mostly as the first author) and has presented over 50 posters and lectures. Overall, he has made more than a hundred scientific presentations and publications. He completed his MSc in Physical Chemistry at Belarus State University (former USSR) in 1990. He completed his PhD in Bioanalytical Chemistry (Bar-Ilan University, Israel) in 1998. At the end of 1999, he started his Post-doctorate at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and became a faculty member is 2001. Presently, he holds the title of Research Associate Professor of Medicine.
Abstract:
Different chromatographic and mass spectrometry instrumentations are used in modern bioanalytical laboratories. We noticed that transfer of existent liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method from one LC/MS system to another is not a simple task. In addition, even adoption of an already published and well validated method is not as straightforward as one would expect. On real world examples, we will discuss instrument-dependent, sample-dependent, and method-dependent variability and implications. To solve these issues, it requires detailed understanding of the method, hardware, assay parameters and analyte nature.
Evgeny Nikolaev
Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics of RAS, Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (Fiztech), Russia Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Russia
Title: Analytical possibilities of ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry
Biography:
Evgeny (Eugene) N Nikolaev has completed his PhD from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and habilitation (Dr.Sc.) from the Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics. He is the Head of three research laboratories in Russian Academy of Sciences and Professor of Fiztech and Skoltech. He has published more than 223 papers in reputed journals and has more than 50 patents. He is the Editorial Board Member of Journal of Mass Spectrometry, European Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. He is the Organizer of the 8th European Conference on FT ICR mass spectrometry and the First International Conference on Innovations in Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation (2013).
Abstract:
Mass spectrometry is widely used in analytical and bio analytical chemistry. Mass spectrometry of ion cyclotron resonance with Fourier Transform demonstrated the highest resolving power among other types of mass spectrometers since its opening in 1974 by Marshall and Comisarow. Recently, resolving power of FT ICR MS jumped by almost order of magnitude with introduction of the new type of FT ICR ion trap called dynamically harmonized ICR cell. Implementation of this cell on FT ICR instruments with moderate magnetic fields (5-7) Tesla permits to reach about 10 million resolving power on ion masses corresponding to mass to charge ratio m/z close to 1000 Da. With such resolving power, it is possible to resolve isotopic fine structure of molecular ions and by this to determine their atomic composition. Examples of isotopic fine structures resolution and application to analyses of crude oil, humid substances and extraterrestrial organic will be given. The initial implementation of the simple, reliable and reproducible in-ESI source H/D exchange approach coupled to ultrahigh resolution FTICR MS was performed for enumeration of labile hydrogens in individual molecules on the cluster of phosphorous acids, natural organic matter, oligosaccharides, peptides and proteins of different mass from 1 kDa to 66 kDa.
Jun Aoki
Osaka University, Japan
Title: Development of new stigmatic imaging mass spectrometer and its application to metal cation distribution in fish
Biography:
Jun Aoki has completed his PhD from Kyoto University. He is the Assistant Professor of Osaka University. His field of expertise is imaging mass spectrometry. He prized the Mass Spectrometry of Japan Research Award in 2012.
Abstract:
Measurement methods of spatial distribution of molecules such as proteins and drugs at cellular-scale are required in many fields. Recently, scanning type imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is intensively used for biomolecular analysis. However, the spatial resolution of scanning MALDI-IMS is limited by to about 10 - 100 μm and inadequate for cellular-scale observation. Therefore, we are developing a stigmatic MALDI imaging mass spectrometer for higher spatial resolution. The experimental apparatus consists of a MALDI ion source, a multi-turn time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MULTUM) and a time and position sensitive delay line detector. Ion distributions at the sample plate are magnified and projected with the ion optical lens system onto the detector. The ion optical system of MULTUM satisfies the perfect spatial and temporal focusing condition, so that the spatial distributions of ions conserved after circulation. Our evaluation experiment demonstrated that both the spatial resolution of 1 micro-meter and the mass resolving power of 10000 were simultaneously achieved. We applied this new apparatus to several practical applications, for example observation of the distribution of accumulated metal cations in fish. We used medaka (Oryzias latipes) as samples for observing the bioaccumulation of Sr and Cs. Medaka were raised for two weeks in water containing 0.001 mol/L SrCl2 and 0.05 mol/L CsI. Distributions of Cs and Sr in a sliced section of medaka are obtained with a micrometer-scale spatial resolution.
Yahdiana Harahap
Universities Indonesia, Indonesia
Title: The effect of anticoagulant types in analyzing levofloxacin in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array
Biography:
Yahdiana Harahap received her education in Indonesia with BSc degree (1987) at Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Indonesia. She obtained her MS (1994) and PhD (2003) in Pharmaceutical Chemistry at Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institute Technology Bandung. She then worked as Head of Public Service Center at Department of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia. Now she is a part of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universities Indonesia and member of BA/BE working group Indonesia, also as the Bioequivalence expert at National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia.
Abstract:
Levofloxacin has low concentration in plasma, thus it requires sensitive and selective analysis method. Plasma drug analysis often uses many kinds of anticoagulant to obtain plasma as analytical matrix. Citrate, heparin, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are anticoagulant commonly used in analyzing drug in human plasma. This study was focused on analyzing levofloxacin in human plasma with three types of anticoagulants. The analysis was performed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) – photodiode array with Column C18 SunfireTM (250 x 4.6mm), 5ïm; temperature of 45ï¯C, mobile phase consist of 0.5% triethylamine pH 3.0 -acetonitrile (88:12 v/v); flow rate of 1.25 mL/minute, and ciprofloxacin HCl as internal standard. The method was linear at concentration range of 50.0 – 10.000.0 ng/mL with r>0.9994. Accuracy and precision for citrate, heparin, and EDTA plasma fulfilled the acceptance criteria of both intra-day and inter-day. There was no significant difference for stability and recovery of levofloxacin in citrate, heparin, and EDTA plasma (p>0.05; ANOVA), but it showed significant difference for peak area ratio (p>0.05), between citrate-EDTA plasma and heparin-EDTA plasma for low concentration and between citrate-heparin plasma and citrate-EDTA plasma for mid and high concentration. On blank chromatogram EDTA plasma, there was interference on retention time of less than 8 minutes, while on citrate and heparin plasma there was no interference. The method can be applied for bioequivalence study using the three anticoagulants that are equally good.
Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
Title: Identification and quantification of proteins participating in apoA-1 and apoB-100 mediated cholesterol transport by field-flow fractionation and LC-MS/MS analysis
Biography:
Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik has completed her master degree in chemical engineering at Technical University of Budapest, and her PhD degree at Emory University of Atlanta Georgia, where she also conducted Postdoctoral studies. Currently she is a Senior Research Scientist in the Biological Mass Spectrometry Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals on wide range of applications of hyphenated chromatographic techniques and mass spectrometry, such as biomonitoring of environmental chemicals, analysis of pre-exposure prophylactic drugs against HIV, biological toxins, and more recently, lipoproteins.
Abstract:
Lipid homeostasis in vivo is mediated by several lipoprotein sub-species, commonly classified as high density and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL). The two common apolipoproteins, ApoA-1 and ApoB-100 are associated with numerous exchangeable lipids and proteins in various compositions. Because of their number and complexity, the analysis of lipoprotein sub-species in plasma by bottom-up proteomics approaches requires pre-analytical physical fractionation. Asymmetric flow-field flow fraction (AF4) is a gentle separation technique based on hydrodynamic size. AF4 allows size separation of intact lipoprotein sub-species and fraction collection. LC-MS/MS analysis of the individual fractions can provide unique concentration versus hydrodynamic size profiles for each protein constituent. Deconvolution of the concentration versus size profiles of ApoA-1 and ApoB-100 allows quantitative deduction of the particle number of lipoprotein sub-species. The probability of associations of proteins with ApoA-1 and ApoB-100 containing sub-species was evaluated based on size profile overlap with those of Apo-A-1 or ApoB-100 sub-species, size derived maximum possible total molecular weight, and protein-ApoA-1 or protein-ApoB-100 concentration correlations measured in multiple serum samples with wide range of cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Based on these criteria proteins can be included or excluded as participants of ApoA-1 and ApoB-100 mediated lipid metabolism pathways.
- Track 7: Analytical Techniques in Immuno Chemistry
Track 8: Environmental Analytical Aspects
Session Introduction
Cheng-Chuan Su
Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Taiwan
Title: Uremic effect on immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of human herpes virus type 8 antibodies
Biography:
Cheng-Chuan Su completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at the age of 31 years and in Clinical Pathology two years later; and obtained the Master degree from the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan when he was 32 years old. At present, he is the attending physician of the Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, and the Associate Professor of the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). The incidence of KS in renal transplant patients is much higher than in healthy controls. The risk is even higher among recipients seropositive for HHV-8 before transplantation. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are immuno compromised and are candidates for renal transplantation, but HHV-8 seroprevalence in ESRD patients was not well documented. Our previous study showed that seropositivity and titers for HHV-8 antibodies with immunofluorescence assay (IFA) as well as seropositivity with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were significantly greater in ESRD patients than in healthy controls (P = 0.006, 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Patients with a history of taking herbal medicine had significantly greater ELISA positivity than those without such a history (P=0.004). ELISA positives, particularly patients, had much higher IFA antibody titers than ELISA negatives (P<0.0001). Seropositivity in ESRD patients was not related to lymphopaenia, monocytosis, dialysis duration, or a history of transfusion. Two diabetic ESRD patients were positive for HHV-8 DNA. However, other studies indicated that ESRD patients and healthy controls had similar HHV-8 seroprevalence. Hence, we further investigated whether this discrepancy is due to the effect of uremic status. The results showed that HHV-8 seropositivities based on IFA and ELISA, both before and after hemodialysis, were significantly greater in ESRD patients than in healthy controls (p<0.008 for all comparisons). The seropositivities and antibody titers of ESRD patients obtained with IFA were similar before and after hemodialysis. Seropositivities based on ELISA were identical before and after hemodialysis. The seropositivities obtained with the IFA markedly exceeded those with ELISA in each group of subjects (p<0.0001 for all comparisons).
Bonnie Tay-Jones Yen Ping
Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Malaysia
Title: Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection of 1,4-dioxane in palm-based fatty alcohol ethoxylates
Biography:
Bonnie Tay-Jones Yen Ping received her Master of Science degree (organic chemistry) from University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia. She is currently a principal research scientist attached to Quality and Environment Assessment Unit, Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board. Presently, she is actively involved in research (method development work to detect toxic contaminants/by-products) for the local oleochemical producers. She was the main author of several publications in reputed journals on topics relating to gel permeation chromatography analyses for palm-based polyols, chemometrics, basic oleochemical compositional analyses and method development for detection of contaminants/by-products in palm-oil derived oleochemicals.
Abstract:
1, 4-Dioxane, a toxic by-product may be formed during the ethoxylation of fatty alcohol. A simple and rapid method using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) was developed to detect-1, 4-dioxane in commercial palm-based fatty alcohol ethoxylate (FAEO). This method involved spiking of 1, 4-dioxane into FAEO samples, and directly injecting the spiked samples into GC-FID. The method was validated according to the ICH harmonized tripartite guideline. The calibration curves for 1, 4-dioxane showed good linearity with correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The accuracy of the method was indicated by recovery obtained for spiked 1, 4-dioxane samples at 5 levels of spiking, i.e. at 30, 60, 100, 200 and 500 μg/g, where recoveries were within 99 – 105% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 4.0%. The RSD values of the intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 1.0%. The limit of detection and quantification was 10 μg/g and 30 ug/g, respectively. The identity of 1, 4-dioxane recovered from the palm-based fatty alcohol ethoxylate was confirmed by a GC-mass spectrometer detector.
Nuria De Diego
Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Czech Republic
Title: Implementation of plant hormone quantification in Arabidopsis using UHPLC-MS/MS
Biography:
Dr. Nuria De Diego is presently a junior researcher in Plant Physiology in the Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics of Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University (Czech Republic). She works under Dr. Karel Dolezal´s supervision, studying plant response against different growth conditions including biotic and abiotic stress, and mainly at metabolic level where phytohormones are the most relevant molecules. Dr. De Diego has more than 12 years research experience that has implemented with new academic achievements, including a Postgraduate in Biotechnology, an international Doctorate in Biological Sciences and articles in international impact journals.
Abstract:
Modern plant physiology has clarified many important processes involved in plant development and crop yield. Among them, the knowledge of the mechanisms implicated in plant response against ambient fluctuations allows us to identify interesting genotypes. These processes have been reported to be regulated by molecules known as plant hormones. Cytokinins, gibberellins, auxins and abscisic acid are some examples of them. They regulate physiological processes such as apical dominance, plant transpiration by stomata closure or rooting. Although plant hormones are related to these processes, nowadays more information is needed about their signalling and action mode in plants. In this regards, our research group is constantly working in the improvement of protocols to analyse the variations of these molecules in different plants tissues grown under varied conditions. The wide experience in the study of these plant growth regulators and the use of leading technologies based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) have permitted us to increase the number of metabolites detected as well as simplification of purification protocol. In addition, the inclusion of micro-extraction and immuno-affinity techniques reduces the needed amount of sample per analysis. In addition, our group has an avant-garde high throughput phenotyping to continuously monitor the relative growth rate and to collect wide range of fluorescence parameters. The use of this facility permits us to combine and corroborate the relationship between the plant physiological traits and the variations in hormone pathways and to identify those metabolites related to these processes. As example, new information about the involvement between photosynthesis, carbon metabolism and changes of cytokinin levels in Arabidopsis was found.
László G Boros
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, USA
Title: Targeted 13C metabolic tracer fate association study and regression analysis reveal diverse cellular phenotypes
Biography:
Dr. Boros holds a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree from the Albert Szent-Györgyi School of Medicine of Szeged, Hungary, and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) title from the Academic Senate of the University of California, Los Angeles Division, United States of America. Dr. Boros currently is a Professor of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Metabolism at the UCLA School of Medicine and Chief Scientific Advisor of SiDMAP, LLC. Dr. Boros is the co-inventor of the stable isotope-based dynamic metabolic profiling (SIDMAP) technology.
Abstract:
Regression statistics in this targeted tracer fate association study (TTFAS) is shown to reveal associations among diverse phenotypic metabolic products in fumarate hydratase-deficient UOK kidney tumor cells with defective glutaminolysis, reductive carboxylation for lipogenic citrate production, as well as the Warburg effect, using the [1,2-13C2]-D-glucose tracer. These co-existing profiles were revealed in previous 13C-glutamine and 13C-glucose tracer experiments. Herein UOK cells show a close Warburg-type correlation between consumption of glucose for 13C-lactic acid production (R2>0.98; glucose to lactate). On the other hand, proliferation-related macromolecule 13C labeling, such as that of RNA-derived ribose and lignoceric acid, correlates with the glucose-derived internally cross-labeled 13C-glutamine fraction (R2>0.98; glutamate to lignocerate and RNA ribose). The TTFAS approach reliably re-produces results and conclusions obtained via multiple 13C-tracer metabolic flux analyses using a single metabolic tracer to trim down versatilities, cost and time, involved in multiple metabolic tracer studies using 13C and deuterium as labeling atoms for diverse products.
Hamid Hashemi-Moghaddam
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Title: Molecularly imprinted layer-coated silica nanoparticles toward highly selective separation of active glycine from urine sample
Biography:
Hamid Hashemi-Moghaddam has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from Islamic Azad University. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and is Managing Editor of Journal of Chemical Health Risks.
Abstract:
This work reports the preparation of glycine imprinted polymer layer-coated silica nanoparticles toward analysis of trace glycine in complicated matrices. To induce the selective occurrence of surface polymerization, the polymerizable double bonds were first grafted at the surface of silica nanoparticles by the silylation. Afterwards, the glycine templates were imprinted into the polymer-coating layer through the interaction with functional monomers. The programmed heating led to the formation of uniform glycine-imprinted polymer layer with controllable thickness, and further improved the reproducibility of rebinding capacity. After removal of templates, recognition sites of glycine were exposed in the polymer layers. As a result, the maximum rebinding capacity was achieved with the use of optimal grafting ratio. There was also evidence indicating that the glycine-imprinted polymer nanoparticles compared with non-imprinted polymer nanoparticles had a higher selectivity and affinity to glycine. Moreover, using the imprinted particles as dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) materials, the recoveries of glycine determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry were 84.6% in the spiked urine sample. These results show the possibility that the highly selective separation and enrichment of trace glycine from urine sample can be achieved by the molecular imprinting modification at the surface of silica nanoparticles.
Wayne Grant Carter
University of Nottingham, England
Title: Enrichment strategies for capturing proteins altered by post-translational modifications
Biography:
Wayne Grant Carter received his Honors degree and PhD in Biochemistry from the University of Southampton, studying protein post-translational modification and molecular signalling cascades. He is currently a Group Leader in the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, with research focused upon protein post-translational modification and molecular mechanisms of hepato- and neuro-toxicology.
Abstract:
The extensive repertoire of protein Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) enables the cell to orchestrate functional interplay of protein biomolecules. Indeed, alterations and/or disruptions in protein PTMs can have profound effects on cellular fates. Thus, in order to understand biological processes, there is a need to characterize all PTMs and dissect their functional roles. Recently, the advent of sensitive mass spectrometry has facilitated the detection of post-translationally modified proteins; however, the extensive heterogeneity of PTMs is prohibitive to global Mass Spectrometry (MS) since it produces complex overlapping changes in peptide masses. To circumvent this MS limitation, selective enrichment strategies can facilitate detection and characterization of specific types of protein PTMs. A review of chromatography methods that considers their benefits and limitations for isolating post-translationally modified proteins will be undertaken. Once a protein PTM is detected and isolated, there is a need to consider the stoichiometry, half-life, and ultimately, functional consequence (s) of the PTM, and methods and results that investigate these processes will also be discussed.
Pradeep Shelke
P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, India
Title: Validated stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatographic assay method for the determination of Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate
Biography:
P.G. SHELKE is an Assistant Professor in the department of pharmaceutical analysis at P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal
Abstract:
Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate was subjected to different ICH recommended stress conditions. Degradation of drug occurs almost in all conditions (hydrolytic, oxidative and photolytic) while mild degradation was seen with thermal stress. A validated stability-indicating HPLC method was developed for the analysis of drug in presence of its degradation products. The stressed samples of drug were analyzed using Kinetex C-8 column (5µ, 250×4.6 mm) column using a mobile phase composed of methanol: Water, which was delivered initially in the ratio of 70:30 (v/v) for 1 min, then changed to 90:10 (v/v) for next 9 min and finally equilibrated back to initial composition 70:30 (v/v) from 11 to 20 min. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min and detection was carried out at 230 nm using 996 PDA detector. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision specificity and selectivity
Biography:
Nesrine T Lamie is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Analytical Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy at Cairo University, Egypt
Abstract:
Four, accurate, precise, and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are developed for the simultaneous determination of a binary mixture containing amlodipine besylate (AM) and atenolol (AT) where AM is determined at its λmax 360 nm (0D), while atenolol can be determined by different methods. Method (A) is absorption factor (AFM). Method (B) is the new Ratio Difference method (RD) which measures the difference in amplitudes between 210 and 226 nm of ratio spectrum., Method (C) is novel constant center spectrophotometric method (CC) Method (D) is mean centering of the ratio spectra (MCR) at 284 nm. The calibration curve is linear over the concentration range of 10–80 and 4–40 μg/ml for AM and AT, respectively. These methods are tested by analyzing synthetic mixtures of the cited drugs and they are applied to their commercial pharmaceutical preparation. The validity of results was assessed by applying standard addition technique. The results obtained were found to agree statistically with those obtained by a reported method, showing no significant difference with respect to accuracy and precision.
Biography:
Miranda Younes is an Assistant Professor at P. University in Alexandria, Egypt.
Abstract:
Two simple, precise and stability-indicating High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC) methods were introduced and compared for the simultaneous determination of Coenzyme Q10 (Q) and Vitamin E (E) ; alpha-tocopherol acetate, in tablet formulation. The HPLC separation was achieved on a C18 column using Acetonitrile: Tetrahydrofuran: Water (55:40:5, v/v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min at ambient temperature. The quantitation was achieved UV detection at 280 nm over the concentration range 5 – 60 and 50 - 200 μg/mL for Q and E, respectively. For HPTLC method, Q and E were chromatographed on silica Gel 60 F254 TLC plate using Benzene: Chloroform (7: 3, % v/v) as mobile phase and then scanned at 280 nm. Linearity is in the range of 0.3 - 2 and 0.5 – 5 μg/band for Q and E, respectively. The two methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and different chromatographic parameters were optimized for adequate determination of Q and E in the tablet. Furthermore, a forced degradation study of Q and E was done under various conditions including; hydrolysis (acid, alkaline and neutral), oxidation, thermal and photo-decomposition. Statistical analysis proved that the two methods were precise, accurate, selective and economical with no significant difference between them. They may be used for routine simultaneous estimation of Q and E in tablets.
Md. Zakir Sultan
University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Title: A novel ion-pair RP-HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of naproxen and esomeprazole in pharmaceutical formulations
Biography:
Md. Zakir Sultan has completed his PhD from Kongju National University, South Korea and postdoctoral studies from University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is a Senior Scientist, Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He has published 4 books and more than 48 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of the Journal of Scientific Research.
Abstract:
A rapid, sensitive and stability indicating ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous estimation of naproxen (NPX) and esomeprazole (ESP) in pharmaceutical preparations. In our study, this new method was used to overcome the instability problem of ESP during high performance liquid chromatographic analysis in the presence of acidic drugs such as NPX. The method was validated according to ICH, FDA and USP guidelines with respect to accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, solution stability, robustness, sensitivity and system suitability. The method was developed by using an isocratic condition of mobile phase comprising buffer [tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (0.0077 M) and n-heptane sulfonic acid–Na salt (0.002 M), pH 7.6], acetonitrile and methanol in a 60:20: 20 v/v/v ratio at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min over a C-18 (Octadecyl-silica, 5 mm, 250 3 4.6 mm) column at ambient temperature. The recovery for both drugs was found to be >99% which demonstrated the accuracy of this method. Intra- and inter-day precision studies of the new method were less than the maximum allowable limit [% relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 2.0 according to FDA]. The method showed linear response with a correlation coefficient (r2) value of 0.999 for both drugs. More importantly, ESP was quite stable in diluting solvent and mobile phase in the presence of NPX for >3 days. Therefore, it was found to be an accurate, reproducible, sensitive and highly stability-indicating method and can be successfully applied for routine analysis of simultaneous assay of NPX and ESP in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Mahnaz Farahani
National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
Title: Unexpected peaks in tandem mass spectra due to reaction of product ions with residual water in mass spectrometer collision cells
Biography:
Mahnaz Farahani has completed his PhD from American University and Postdoctoral studies from National Institute of Standards and Technology. She is the senior reviewer at FDA. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Rationale: Certain product ions in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry are found to react with residual water in the collision cell. This reaction often leads to the formation of ions that cannot be formed directly from the precursor ions, and this complicates the mass spectra and may distort MRM (multiple reaction monitoring) results. Methods: Various drugs, pesticides, metabolites, and other compounds were dissolved in acetonitrile/water/formic acid and studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to record their MS2 and MSn spectra in several mass spectrometers (QqQ, QTOF, IT, and Orbitrap HCD). Certain product ions were found to react with residual water in collision cells. The reaction was confirmed by MSn studies and the rate of reaction was determined in the IT instrument using zero collision energy and variable activation times. Results: Examples of product ions reacting with water include phenyl and certain substituted phenyl cations, benzoyl-type cations formed from protonated folic acid and similar compounds by loss of the glutamate moiety, product ions formed from protonated cyclic siloxanes by loss of methane, product ions formed from organic phosphates, and certain negative ions. The reactions of product ions with residual water varied greatly in their rate constant and in the extent of reaction (due to isomerization). Conclusions: Various types of product ions react with residual water in mass spectrometer collision cells. As a result, tandem mass spectra may contain unexplained peaks and MRM results may be distorted by the occurrence of such reactions. These often unavoidable reactions must be taken into account when annotating peaks in tandem mass spectra and when interpreting MRM results.
Doo Soo Chung
Seoul National University, Korea
Title: Speciation of trace arsenic compounds in drinking water with counter-flow electrokinetic supercharging
Biography:
Doo Soo Chung has completed his PhD from Harvard University and Postdoctoral studies from MIT and Iowa State University. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals. He has been working on a variety of topics ranging from the realization of molecule optics which controls the motion of molecules with light and Bioanalytical techniques such as Capillary Electrophoresis
Abstract:
Chronic ingestion of arsenic in water may cause various diseases, including cancer and keratosis. A guideline for arsenic in drinking water has been set at 10 ppb of total arsenic by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, inorganic forms of arsenic, such as arsenites [As(III)] and arsenates [As(V)], are much more toxic than the organic forms as monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Hence the quantitation of specific arsenic species may be more meaningful than the total arsenic determination for the evaluation of the health risks from arsenic-contaminated drinking water. We report a highly sensitive way of arsenic speciation using a commercial Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) instrument equipped with a UV absorbance detector. We used a counter-flow electrokinetic supercharging technique to enhance the detection sensitivity. Electrokinetic supercharging is one of the most powerful sample stacking methods that combines field amplified sample injection and transient isotachophoresis. In counter flow electrokinetic supercharging, a constant counter pressure is applied during sample injection in order to counterbalance the movement of the injected sample zone, obtaining a pronounced increase in the amount of sample injected and the portion of the capillary available for electrophoresis.
Mohamed M Hefnawy
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Title: Estimation of enantioresolution of multiple stereogenic drugs using mobilized and/or immobilized polysaccharide-based HPLC chiral stationary phases
Biography:
Prof. Dr. Hefnawy got his PhD and postdoctoral studies from School of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A. He was supervisor of nine PhD and 15 MSc dissertations. He has published more than 97 papers in international journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.
Abstract:
Enantioseparation of drugs with multiple stereogenic centers is challenging. This study objectives to evaluate the efficiency of different mobilized and/or immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases to separate enantiomers of some drugs containing multiple stereogenic centers namely indenolol, nadolol, labetalol. The critical mobile phase variables (composition of organic solvents, acid/base ratios) were carefully studied to compare the retention time and elution order of all isomers. Different chromatographic parameters such as capacity factor (k), selectivity (α) and resolution (Rs) were calculated. In this presentation the experimental conditions and the possible chiral recognition mechanisms will be discussed.
Kamlesh Shirvas
Guru Ghasidas University, India
Title: MALDI-MS imaging of low molecular weight biomolecules in mouse brain using TiO2 nanoparticles
Biography:
Dr. Kamlesh K. Shrivas obtained his Master degree in Chemistry (2000) and Ph.D. degree in Chemistry (2004) from Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, India. He worked as a quality control officer, Gharda Chemical Ltd., India (2005-2006). He worked as a post doctoral fellow at Tamkang University, TAIWAN and National Sun-Yat Sen University, TAIWAN (2006-2008), at Food Drug and Administration, USA (2008-2009), at Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, JAPAN (2009-2011). Since 2009, he has been an Assistant Professor at the Guru Ghasidas University, India. His current interests include the analytical development of chemical sensors for the detections of metal ions, drugs and biomolecules. In addition, imaging and identification of biomolecules (peptides, proteins, lipids and drugs) in tissue sample using mass spectrometry. He has published 44 research papers in highly impact journals and 3 book chapters.
Abstract:
The presence of low molecular weight biomolecules in brain has important role in biosynthesis, product degradation, energy production, signaling and defense. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has proven to be one of the most powerful tools available to researchers in biochemistry and molecular biology for the identification of biomolecules in various types of biological samples. We report the detection of a group of endogenous low molecular weight metabolites in mouse brain (80-500 Da) using TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) without any washing and separation step prior to MS analysis. This approach is a simple, inexpensive, washing and separation free for imaging and identification of low molecular weight biomolecules in mouse brain. The white and gray matter of the mouse brain is differentiated by the ion distribution pattern of biomolecules found in the tissue section. We believe that the biochemical information from distinct regions of the brain using a MALDI-MS imaging will be helpful in elucidating the imbalances linked with diseases in biomedical samples.
Yuegang Zuo
University of Michigan-Dearborn, USA
Title: Determination of Creatinine, Uric and Ascorbic Acid in bovine milk and orange juice by hydrophilic interaction HPLC
Biography:
Yuegang Zuo is a Full Professor in analytical and environmental chemistry and Director of Graduate Programs at Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. He received his Ph.D. from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich in 1992. Most of his recent research has focused on separation, identification and quantification of endocrine disrupting pollutants, phenolic antioxidants and their metabolites in plants, human foods, liquids, and in the related environments and examine their occurrence, sources, distribution, transportation, bioeffects and fate in the biochemsphere. He has published over 70 peer-reviewed papers in prestigious international scientific journals such as Science, and ES&T.
Abstract:
Creatinine (Cr), uric (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) are common constituents in human fluids. Their abnormal concentrations in human fluids are associated with various diseases. Thus, apart from the endogenous formation in human body, it is also important to examine their sources from food products. These polar organic molecules have very limited retention on commonly used reversed-phase HPLC columns [Zhou et al., Analytical Methods 5 (2013) 1307-1311; Y. Zuo, 2014, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): Principles, Procedures and Practices. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York]. In this study, a rapid and accurate HILIC method was developed for simultaneous determination of Cr, UA and AA in bovine milk and orange juice. Milk samples were pretreated by protein precipitation, centrifugation and filtration, followed by HPLC separation and quantification using a Waters Spherisorb S5NH2 column. The developed method has been successfully applied to determine the concentration of UA, AA and Cr in milk and fruit juice samples. The milk samples tested were found to contain UA and creatinine in the concentration range of 24.1-86.0 and 5.07-11.2 µg mL-1, respectively. The orange juices contain AA over 212 µg mL-1.
Sigrid Mennickent
University of Concepción, Chile
Title: Quantitative determination of Topiramate in human serum and umbilical cord blood
Biography:
Mennickent S is a Pharmacist, Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Associate Professor at University of Concepción, Chile. She has published more than 48 papers in reputed journals (ISI), 7 book chapters, and has been serving as reviewer and as Editorial Board Member reviewer in many prestigious journals. She has been invited as speaker in some Scientific Congress in different countries.
Abstract:
A simple, rapid, specific, precise and accurate LC/DAD method for quantification of topiramate in human serum and cordon umbilical cord blood was developed and validated. The method includes a liquid-liquid extraction of the analyte from the both matrix using a dichloromethane as extraction solvent. Dabsil was used as rderivatization compound. In the developed method, chromatography was performed using acetonitrile: acetate buffer (60:40, v/v) as mobile phase, with a flow of 1 mL/min, and Purosphere ® C10 column (5 uµ). Detection was done at 254 nm. The regression data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship (r=0.999) for both matrix, in the range of 2.0 and 40.0 ug/mL, in human serum (therapeutic range concentration: 5.0-20.0 ug/mL), and between 1.6 and 50.0 ug/mL for umbilical cord blood. The % RSD of intra-assay and inter-assay precision, were in the range of 0.98% to 2.97% (n=3) and 1.06% to 3.54% (n=9), respectively, for human serum, and 1.21% to 3.58% (n=3) and 2.10% and 3.68% (n=9), for umbilical cord blood. Recovery values were between 94.72% and 98.96% (RSD ≤4.25), for both matrix, respectively. Patient serum samples and umbilical cord blood samples were analyzed by this method successfully. Therefore, this LC/DAD method is suitable for quantitative determination of topiramate in these biological fluids.
Vladimir Shulaev
University of North Texas, USA
Title: Application of novel analytical techniques and data analysis tools for comprehensive metabolomics analysis of complex biological mixtures.
Biography:
Professor Vladimir Shulaev holds dual Ph.Ds. in Biological Sciences and Plant Biology and has over 30 years research experience working at academia and industry. At UNT he established the state of the art Metabolomics facility and heads the Center for Metabolomics and Metabolic Signaling Research and Biochemical Profiling Group. His research group develop novel analytical techniques for both targeted and non-targeted metabolomics using mass spectrometry platforms and applied metabolomics platform to systems biology, gene function elucidation, cancer development andprogression,andmodelingandsimulationofbiologicalnetworks.
Abstract:
Metabolomics analysis of complex mixtures using a single separation technique is challenging due to the diversity of metabolites polarity, volatility and the large range of concentrations in biological samples. We examined two novel analytical approaches for comprehensive analysis of metabolites in various biological matrices. First approach is based on Ultra Performance Convergence Chromatography (UPC2), a chromatographic system that utilizes liquid CO2 as primary solvent to leverage the chromatographic principles and selectivity of normal phase chromatography while providing the ease-of-use of reversed-phase LC. We utilized the sub-2µm particle supercritical chromatography for the separation of free fatty acids, neutral and polar lipids in a single lipid extract. Second approach utilizes Atmospheric pressure GC (APGC) is a ‘soft‘ chemical ionization technique that generates a spectrum conserving the molecular ion species with minimal fragmentation, which differentiates it from traditional vacuum source GC-MS based on electron ionization. We combined APGC with ion mobility (IM) to enhance peak capacity and improve selectivity and specificity of analysis. We demonstrated the utility of APGC-TOF-MS for metabolomics analysis of various mutant plant genotypes. Raw data were analyzed using TransOmics software that adopts an intuitive workflow approach to performing comparative metabolomics and lipidomics data analysis. The workflow starts with raw data file loading, then retention time alignment and deconvolution, followed by analysis that creates a list of features. The features are then identified with compound searches and explored using multivariate statistical methods.
Yuhui (Henry) Zhao
Epcor Water Canada, Canada
Title: An auto self-cleaning filter for on-line analyzers
Biography:
Yuhui (Henry) Zhao completed his PhD in Analytical Chemistry from the University of Alberta in 1995. He has been working in a few analytical laboratories for the past 20 years as a Senior Scientist. His research and development interests cover the areas of Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)-Optical Emission Spectroscopy, ICP-Mass Spectrometry, GC and GC-Mass Spectrometry. He is currently working as a QA Scientist at Epcor Water Service Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Abstract:
In most water treatment plants, there are many on-line analyzers. Line clogging, especially in the run-off time each year, has always been a very serious problem for these analyzers. It often makes the measurement very difficult, if not impossible. In order to eliminate the clogging problem, an auto-self-cleaning filter has been designed, constructed, and tested. The design and construction was done in house. To keep the cost as low as possible, most of the material and parts used in this project were harvested from old equipment. The filter consists of a Y-shaped strainer with one two-way and one three-way solenoid valve. It is fully automatic and functioning as the following: Raw water get into the Y-shaped strainer, clean water passing through the screen and directed into the monitoring devices (the Analyzer) at programmed times; Sediment accumulated in the other branch of the Y- shaped strainer is drained at programmed moments; The filter is then self-back-washed by a clean water stream after receiving a signal from the analyzer. Each function-change is indicated by a color-changing LED and the function of each operation stage is displayed on an LCD panel. This filter can be used for sample-conditioning on on-line GC for raw water analysis. Modified / simplified version of this device can be used for any other on-line analyzers. It will prevent the line clogging, reduce instrument down-time, enhance data quality and further contribute to drinking water safety.
Biography:
Makhapa Makhafola is currently the General Manager: Research & Development at Mintek. He worked as Lecturer in Analytical Chemistry at Technikon Northern Gauteng (now called Tshwane University of Technology) and University of Venda. In 2004 he was appointed Director: Quality Assurance at Border Technikon (now called Walter Sisulu University). He was the Director: Quality Assurance at the University of Venda until he joined University of Kwa-Zulu Natal as the Director Quality Promotion & Assurance in July 2010, part of his responsibility was to lead the World University Rankings project. He served as member of Umalusi Council and also as Chairperson of Lovedale FET College Audit Committee. He is currently the Chairperson of DST/MINTEK Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Steering Committee. He served as a member of the Higher Education Quality Assurance Manager’s Forum and also chaired and facilitated various workshops on quality assurance in higher education. He is also serving as an academic committee member of QS World Ranking Universities. He did the post-doctoral training in Analytical Chemistry at Indiana University. He presented his research work in more than 19 international conferences and published in credible journals.
Abstract:
The mandate of Mintek is set out in the Mineral Technology Act, which is to serve the national interest through Research, Development and Technology Transfer, to promote mineral technology, and to foster the establishment and expansion of industries in the field of minerals and products derived there from. Mintek is a Research and Development (R&D) organisation that specialises in applied research in various scientific and engineering fields and we are publicly (50%) and privately (50%) funded. Mintek provides world class research and development expertise, testwork, and process optimization for the mining industry locally and internationally. The activities range from initial bench-top investigations to full process flow sheet development and the design, construction, commissioning, and optimization of industrial plants The ultimate measure of Mintek’s success is the extent to which R&D activities contribute towards enhancing productivity, economic growth and socio-economic development of South Africa using minerals. This paper present some of Mintek’s biggest achievements which include the commissioning of the rear earth pilot plant, Cynoprobe cyanide analyser, completion of the nanotechnology clean room facilities, dry sorting technology, rehabilitation of derelict and ownerless mines, etc.
Biography:
Jana Jaklová Dytrtová completed her studies at several well-established Universities in the fields of: Physical Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Agricultural Chemistry, Forest Engineering, and Biology and Arts. She finished her PhD in 2008 and after her maternity leave she was a Post doc of Dr. Detlef Schröder and became specialist in mass spectrometry. She has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a reviewer for 5 scientific journals. She is a member of 3 scientific societies. She works as a scientist in a public research institution.
Abstract:
Detection of pesticides in environmental matrices is neither for the modern analytical chemistry routine operation. It can be used, among others, to reveal their behavior in the environment. Electrochemical separation of chemicals is a powerful innovative tool that can extend the range of hyphenation methods in combination with mass spectrometry. Applicability of newly developed electrochemical separation using silver ions is based on high reactivity of nascent silver ions and on the high affinity of Ag+ to small ligands containing N. This group also includes the triazole fungicides, e.g. cyproconazole (Cyp). In this case, the generated Ag+ subsequently forms complex [Ag(Cyp)]+, detectable by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The newly developed method of separation prior ESI MS generally relates to (i) the detection of metal complexes with pesticides, (ii) the trace analysis of pesticides in environmental matrices, and (iii) the determination of the complexes stability and stoichiometry.
Jacek Namieśnik
Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
Title: Application of passive sampling techniques as a usable tool in the field of environmental quality monitoring
Biography:
Jacek Namiesnik is the Dean of Chemical Faculty and the Professor of Analytical Chemistry at the Gdansk University of Technology, Poland. He is the Chairman of the committee of analytical chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS) and also the Member of the State Commission for evaluation of scientific degrees and titles. His research interests include new techniques of extraction of analytes from different types of samples and new procedures for determination of a wide range of analytes from samples characterized by the complex composition of the matrix.
Abstract:
Analysis of literature data published for the past 20 years leads to the conclusion, that passive sampling technique has been developing very quickly and is commonly used in the field of monitoring pollutants in air, water and soil environment. The popularity of application of passive sampling techniques in analytical and environmental chemistry results from its many advantages e.g.: Simplicity in use, low costs of exploitation, no need for expensive and complicated equipment, no power requirements, the ability to produce accurate results. Over the last decade in Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology passive sampling technique has been applied in different areas of environmental analysis and monitoring, such as: • Screening studies and source identification - determination of occurrence or identification (qualitative or semi quantitative) of pollutants present in both atmospheric and indoor air; • Determination of pollutant concentration (BTEX concentrations) in the environment (quantitative) - integration of ambient concentrations of pollutants over time scales: short-time scale (hours/days) and long-time scale (weeks/months/years). The shorter time-scales facilitate studies of pollutant dispersal, fluxes and transport processes. Long time-scales would allow the identification of source/sink regions and underlying trends in ambient levels; • Mapping the ambient distribution of BTEX (mapping concentrations) to yield input data for regional distribution models - visualization of the spatial distribution of pollution levels in the form of maps allows for sophisticated mathematical analysis and proper decision-making concerning the environment; • Human exposure assessment - personal monitoring with passive sampling - the most accurate estimate of a personal ‘true’ exposure; • Screening (non-invasive) in-situ studies on the emission flux of organic compounds (mainly VOCs) emitted from indoor materials, using miniaturized passive emission chambers. This kind of devices combines the features of classical emission chambers in a miniaturized form (miniaturized passive emission chambers), with the advantages of a passive sampling technique (low cost of particular construction elements, possibility of handling by unqualified staff).